This name was also used for its predecessor, the shawm, from which the basic form of the hautbois was derived. The oboe first appeared in the mid-17th century, when it was called hautbois. Problems listening to this file? See media help. The oboe begins playing about one minute in. Performed by Alex Klein, oboe and Lisa Bergman, piano. Subtle manipulation of embouchure and air pressure allows the player to express timbre and dynamics.Īntonio Pasculli's Gran Concerto for Oboe and Piano. Skilled oboists adjust their embouchure to compensate for these factors. Weather conditions such as temperature and humidity will also affect the pitch. German and French reeds, for instance, differ in many ways, causing the sound of the oboe to vary accordingly. Variations in cane and other construction materials, the age of the reed, and differences in scrape and length will all affect the pitch of the instrument. The reed has a significant effect on the sound of the instrument. The pitch of the oboe is affected by the way in which the reed is made. According to the League of American Orchestras, this is done because the pitch of the oboe is secure and its penetrating sound makes it ideal for tuning purposes.
Orchestras frequently tune to a concert A (usually A440) played by the oboe. The oboe is pitched in concert C and has a soprano range. As a result, oboes are readily audible over other instruments in large ensembles. The timbre of the oboe is derived from the oboe's conical bore (as opposed to the generally cylindrical bore of flutes and clarinets). The Sprightly Companion, an instruction book published by Henry Playford in 1695, describes the oboe as "Majestical and Stately, and not much Inferior to the Trumpet." More humorously, the voice is described in the play Angels in America as sounding like that of a duck if the duck were a songbird.
In comparison to other modern woodwind instruments, the oboe has a clear and penetrating voice.
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